08-01: Water Reuse in Cooling Towers - Current Experiences and Guidelines forWater reuse in cooling tower systems is a growing trend and future requirements for fresh water conservation. Reuse of municipal waste water effluent has shown to provide numerous advantages in addition to water conservation. Case histories will provide data on water and chemical treatment cost reductions as well as waste water reduction and improved cooling system protection. Examples will be given of cooling tower systems in petroleum refineries

Cooling tower water faces challenges of bacteria growth

A plethora of materials

Operating variable such as cycles of concentration and pH of recirculating cooling water and the acceptable level of corrosion inhibitors are important factors to be considered

chemical plants and food processors is most often accomplished by cooling towers

5) Interpretation of the results

"Cycles of concentration" of a recirculating cooling water system defines the material balance of a cooling water system and directly affects a variety of make-up and blowdown related costs

biological

Laboratory testing performed under Cooling Technology Institute (CTI) protocols demonstrated that FRP components failed to meet key mechanical property thresholds

How do you determine "end points" where scale inhibition is lost

In order for industrial processes to be carried on efficiently

localized corrosion

This approach depends on assumptions that are acceptable if the tower test is conducted within CTI code requirements